Cyprien Lopez¶
- Contenu
- Cyprien Lopez
Research on interior/exterior conditions of the hive¶
https://www.snapiculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/BeeHave_Etat_de_lart.pdf
Open source similar projects already existing¶
Connected Hive Monitoring an open source Hakster.io's project from FireCrackers¶
https://www.hackster.io/firecrackers/connected-hive-monitoring-9c3ee8#story
Made by a group of students from 2nd year at Polytech Sorbonne and Plaisir Village Animation association.
In response at Colony Collapsse Disorder issues.
Their solution was to create beehive monitoring. They added sensors for : weight, temperature, humidity and luminosity. Communicate with LoraWan, TTN and Beep.
Electronic card¶
Power module :
- 3.7V, 1050maH battery, solar pannel, LiPo Rider Pro.
- 3.3V voltage regulators x2 -> power system and show battery percentage
-> shutdown sensors to reduce electric consumption
Sensors :
- luminosity : voltage/current sensor INA219 with solar panel
- temp and humidity in and out : DHT22
- temp in: 2 or 3 temp probes DS18B20
- weight sensor : load cell and an amplifier HX711
System:
- LoRa-E5 module
- Nano 33 BLE Sense
Others interresting things from similar projects¶
https://www.hackster.io/bumblebeez/connected-hive-9ff416
- TPL5110 : low energy consumption module, shut down componants and wake them up only when needed working with a timer
- usually use TTN LORA
https://www.hackster.io/bee-efficient/connected-bee-hive-project-remote-hive-monitoring-e7cd34
Interesting news about frequency analysis of the colony. Focus on low freq 98-583 Hz with 10 steps of 48 Hz :
- 350 Hz -> quacking = multiple queens are present and would fight to become the queen of the colony
- 450 Hz -> High spectral density that can indicate tooting which happens when a bee signals that she is the future queen to be born (allowing other potential queens not to be released by workers).
- 510 Hz -> can indicate that the colony is in bad health.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7711573/
- 5k Hz (with 15-16k Hz harmonics) can mean guard bees are against an hornet attack
Maladies¶
| Maladies | Conséquences | Détection | Sources |
| acarapidose | s'installe dans la tréchée des abeilles, s'y reproduit et pond -> fatigue l'abeille et l'empèche de voler -> grouillement et sautillement devant l'entrée du ruchier (printemps surtout), 15j pour avoir une nouvelle génération de larve | L’acarapisose ne peut être détectées en laboratoire qu’en utilisant un microscope ou par une méthode immuno-enzymatique (ELISA). Il n’y a aucune méthode fiable pour la détection des infections primaire | - https://www.blv.admin.ch/blv/fr/home/tiere/tierseuchen/uebersicht-seuchen/alle-tierseuchen/tracheenmilben-krankheit--acarapis-woodi-.html#158_1456315641844__content_blv_fr_home_tiere_tierseuchen_uebersicht-seuchen_alle-tierseuchen_tracheenmilben-krankheit--acarapis-woodi-_jcr_content_par_tabs - https://www.woah.org/fileadmin/Home/fr/Health_standards/tahm/3.02.01_Acarapisose_2008.pdf |
| nosemose | parasite qui attaque les cellules intestinales des abeilles et dérègle leur digestion ainsi que leur système immunitaire, Abeilles faibles et désorientées devant la ruche, traces de Diarrhées dans et autour de la ruche | clinique ou en labo | - https://www.naturapi.com/naturapicafe/sante-de-la-ruche-tout-savoir-sur-la-nosemose/ - https://gds19.org/Docs/PDF/UP/2015/UP-01-10-15.pdf |
Sensors¶
Humidity¶
here are few research on the most used humidity sensors.
| Sensor | Type | Humidity Range (%) | Humidity Accuracy (%) | Temperature Range (°C) | Temperature Accuracy (°C) | Power Supply (V) | Interface | Power Consumption | Waterproof | Price (€) classique / waterproof | Notes |
| SHT20 | Humidity + Temperature | 0-100 | ±3 | -40 to +125 | ±0.3 | 2.1-3.6 | I2C | Moderate | Yes | 5 - 25 | Good for harsh environments, moderate precision, affordable. |
| SHT31-DIS-P | Humidity + Temperature | 0-100 | ±2 | -40 to +125 | ±0.3 | 2.4-5.5 | I2C | Low (<1 mA) | Yes | 5 - ? | High precision, robust, suitable for demanding applications. |
| AM2315 | Humidity + Temperature | 0-100 | ±2 | -40 to +80 | ±0.3 | 3.3-5.5 | I2C | Moderate | Yes | Durable, ideal for outdoor or high-humidity conditions. | |
| HDC1080 | Humidity + Temperature | 0-100 | ±2 | -40 to +85 | ±0.2 | 2.7-5.5 | I2C | Ultra-low (<1 µA in sleep mode) | Optional | 15-25 | Low-power, compact, great for battery-powered systems. |
| DHT22 (AM2302) | Humidity + Temperature | 0-100 | ±2 | -40 to +80 | ±0.5 | 3.3-6 | Digital | Low (~2.5 mA during measurement) | Optional | 8 | Affordable, but less robust in extreme environments compared to others. |
| DHT11 | Humidity + Temperature | 20-90 | ±5 | 0 to +50 | ±2 | 3.3-5.5 | Digital | Very low (~2 mA) | No | 5 | Very low cost, limited accuracy, best for basic applications. |
| DS18B20 | Temperature only | - | - | -55 to +125 | ±0.5 | 3-5 | 1-Wire | Low (~1 mA active, ~0.75 mA idle) | Yes | 5 - 9 | Fully waterproof, ideal for temperature monitoring in wet or confined spaces. |
| BME280 | Humidity + Temp + Pressure | 0-100 | ±3 | -40 to +85 | ±0.5 | 1.8-3.6 | I2C/SPI | 0.1 μA (idle), 1.8 μA (active), 3,6 μA (active with pressure) | No | 4 | Multifunctional sensor, measures pressure as well, suitable for compact projects. |
| BME680 | Humidity, temperature, pressure, gaz | 0-100% | ±3 % r.H | -40 à +85 °C | ±0,5 °C à 25 °C | 1,71 V à 3,6 V | I2C, SPI | 0.15 µA (idle) 2.1 µA (active), 3.15 (active with pressure too) | No | 7 | overkill, peu de consommation |
Comparative table¶
here are few research on the most used humidity sensors.
| Sensor | Type | Humidity Range (%) | Humidity Accuracy (%) | Temperature Range (°C) | Temperature Accuracy (°C) | Power Supply (V) | Interface | Power Consumption | Waterproof | Price (€) classique / waterproof | Notes |
| SHT20 | Humidity + Temperature | 0-100 | ±3 | -40 to +125 | ±0.3 | 2.1-3.6 | I2C | Moderate | Yes | 5 - 25 | Good for harsh environments, moderate precision, affordable. |
| DHT22 (AM2302) | Humidity + Temperature | 0-100 | ±2 | -40 to +80 | ±0.5 | 3.3-6 | Digital | Low (~2.5 mA during measurement) | Optional | 8 | Affordable, but less robust in extreme environments compared to others. |
| DS18B20 | Temperature only | - | - | -55 to +125 | ±0.5 | 3-5 | 1-Wire | Low (~1 mA active, ~0.75 mA idle) | Yes | 5 - 9 | Fully waterproof, ideal for temperature monitoring in wet or confined spaces. |
| BME280 | Humidity + Temp + Pressure | 0-100 | ±3 | -40 to +85 | ±0.5 | 1.8-3.6 | I2C/SPI | 0.1 μA (idle), 1.8 μA (active), 3,6 μA (active with pressure) | No | 4 | Multifunctional sensor, measures pressure as well, suitable for compact projects. |
| BME680 | Humidity, temperature, pressure, gaz | 0-100% | ±3 % r.H | -40 à +85 °C | ±0,5 °C à 25 °C | 1,71 V à 3,6 V | I2C, SPI | 0.15 µA (idle) 2.1 µA (active), 3.15 (active with pressure too) | No | 7 | overkill, peu de consommation |
Communication¶
What's used in Mellia¶
Node-red est un outil de développement basé sur les flux. Il sert ici à récupérer les données en provenance du broker MQTT fournit par TTN et à les enregistrer dans une base de donnée influxDB. Les ressources pour le déployer se situe dans le répertoir software.
Pour se connecter au broker on commence par ajouter le module MQTT à l'interface node red en suivant ce tutoriel : https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/forum/t/mqtt-in-node-red-howto/39909
NB : nous utilisons Orange plutôt que TTN pour recevoir les données LoRa mais le principe est le même
OpenHive Scale card¶
add here sch of the card
Here is the schematic of the electronic card of the open hive scale. We want to "add" it on our own system a connected hive, Plan Bee, instead of the initial strain gauge Mellia was using. Then I started to work on this file, first i divided the sheet in few groups based on what they do in our system.
1.8 V to 3.6 V power supply
–40 °C to 105 °C temperature range
Shutdown mode: 31 nA (VDD = 3 V)
Standby ( RTC) mode:360 nA (VDD = 3 V)
Stop2 (+ RTC) mode: 1.07 µA (VDD = 3 V)
Active-mode MCU: < 72 µA/MHz (CoreMark®)
Active-mode RX: 4.82 mA
Active-mode TX: 15 mA at 10 dBm and 87 mA at 20 dBm (LoRa® 125 kHz